Open access

This guide provides information about open access publishing and sharing research data.

Types of open access publications

  • gold

Refers to entirely open access peer-reviewed journals, freely available on the internet. Some publishers charge article processing charges (APCs) or fees (APFs). 

  • hybrid

Refers to Scholarly journal publishers who offer a combination of subscription access and open access. Researchers may be approached by a hybrid publisher to pay a fee for open and immediate access.  Sometimes referred to as Bronze when a publisher makes an item open for a short period of time for publicity and exposure.

  • green

Refers to pre or post prints which scholarly journal publishers permit researchers to deposit or self-archive in institutional repositories such as Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington; subject repositories such as the arXiv preprint archive in physics, mathematics, computer science and the Social Sciences Research Network (SSRN) which provide free unlimited online access to self-archived versions of publications. 

Books can be published as open access; see the Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB), and Knowledge Unlatched

Be aware of unethical and potentially predatory publishers 

Versions of articles in the publication process