For millennia, textiles have been an integral part of human civilization, evolving from basic clothing to advanced applications catering to modern societal needs. The intersection of textiles and medical science has given rise to biomedical textiles, which are defined as fibrous textile structures prepared from synthetic or natural materials that are used internally or externally in a biological environment (inside or outside the body) as a medical or care device to improve health, hygiene, and medical conditions. The book discusses the need for flexibility and shape-transformation capabilities in today's textiles, such as to be engineered for insertion through a small catheter or to be expanded within the vessels to allow minimally invasive delivery methods without sacrificing mechanical integrity and healthcare capabilities.