Chicago and MLA are both common referencing styles used in the Italian programme. Ask your Course Coordinator which style you should use.

Chicago (Chicago Manual of Style) is a common referencing style used in Italian Studies. The most recent version is CMOS 17th edition, published in 2017.

Chicago referencing style has two systems. Check with your Faculty, School or Course Coordinator about which system to use:

• Chicago A notes and bibliography system uses footnote or endnotes
• Chicago B author-date system uses in-text citations and a reference list (also known as Harvard style)

MLA (Modern Language Association of America) is also a common referencing style used in Italian studies. The most recent version is MLA 8th edition, published in 2016.